The US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration opened a preliminary evaluation (PE26007) on September 21, 2026 into comma.ai's aftermarket driving devices and its openpilot software. The agency had notice of five crashes in which vehicles with the devices reportedly struck stopped or slowly moving vehicles in the same lane. Two crashes caused three deaths, and four caused injuries to eleven other people. NHTSA says preliminary data suggest the system may not have adequately detected or responded to those vehicles. The evaluation is open and no defect has been established.