The record

Where automated decisions went wrong

Incidents gathered from public reporting around the world. Each one links to the articles it came from. None of it is a finding that anyone broke the law.

Reports people file about their own experience are not shown here and never will be without their agreement. Tell us what happened to you.

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68 incidents closest to “Blackboard T&L” · matched on meaning · public reporting

WF-R36DDB15 May 2023

Texas A&M Professor Uses ChatGPT to Falsely Accuse Students of Cheating

Jared Mumm, an instructor at Texas A&M University–Commerce, used ChatGPT to check if students' writing was AI-generated, leading him to accuse them of using the chatbot. He informed students they would receive an incomplete grade and those deemed guilty would get a zero, causing distress and temporarily withholding one student's diploma. The university investigated and stated that no students failed or were barred from graduating, and the professor is working individually with students to resolve the issue.

Company involved
Texas A&M University–Commerce
AI system involved
ChatGPT

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-FB00CQ1 Dec 2017

Australian education ministers scrap NAPLAN robot marking

The Education Council decided not to use automated essay scoring for NAPLAN writing tests, dropping a proposal by ACARA to have computers mark English tasks. Teachers' unions had campaigned against the plan, and an academic warned that the software would reward verbose gibberish and could not assess creativity. The decision was made in December 2017 and announced in January 2018.

Company involved
Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA)

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-XBXRUJ18 Apr 2022

Intel and Class Technologies face criticism over emotion-detecting AI for students

Intel partnered with Class Technologies to use an AI system that analyses student emotions during Zoom classes to provide insights to teachers. Critics, including educator Todd Richmond, argued that facial expressions are not reliable indicators of internal states and that the system amounts to pseudoscience. The article reports these criticisms as allegations, not as proven fact. No specific incident of harm or regulatory action is reported.

Company involved
Intel
AI system involved
Class Technologies face-reading AI

10 source articles · read the reporting →

Hangzhou No. 11 Middle School installs facial recognition system to monitor students

Hangzhou No. 11 Middle School has deployed a smart classroom behaviour management system, developed with Hikvision, that uses facial recognition to take attendance and analyse students' expressions and behaviour. The system alerts teachers when students appear inattentive. The school says it records only behavioural state information, not video, and that it will be installed in all classes. Some people have raised privacy concerns.

Company involved
杭州第十一中学
AI system involved
智慧课堂行为管理系统

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-SASGFE1 Sep 2018

Anderstorp gymnasium trials facial recognition to register student attendance

Anderstorp gymnasium in Skellefteå, Sweden, used a facial recognition system for a few weeks in autumn 2018 to automatically register students' attendance when they entered a classroom. The system, made by an unnamed manufacturer, replaced teachers' manual attendance records for one class. Pupils were mostly satisfied, and the school's principal described the technology as safe. Skellefteå municipality and the manufacturer are discussing a possible continuation, with the manufacturer recommending consultation with Datainspektionen before scaling up.

Company involved
Skellefteå kommun

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-EF57BQ1 Jan 2019

Beijing school uses Hanwang emotion recognition system to monitor student behaviour

Niulanshan First Secondary School in Beijing has installed Hanwang Technology's Classroom Care System, which photographs students every second and analyses their facial expressions and behaviour. The system sends weekly reports to teachers and parents, and one student was described as low participation in English class despite being recorded as focused 94% of the time. The school has been highlighted in a report by Article 19, which says such emotion recognition tools rely on junk science and risk eroding privacy and human rights.

Company involved
Niulanshan First Secondary School
AI system involved
Classroom Care System

10 source articles · read the reporting →

Chinese university deploys facial recognition for attendance monitoring

A university in eastern China has installed a facial recognition system at its entrance and in two classrooms to monitor student attendance and behaviour. The system automatically captures students' faces without their cooperation. The pilot project is intended to improve attendance rates. No specific incidents of harm have been reported.

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-V2XNV11 Jul 2021

TikTok's hate speech detection flags Black Lives Matter as inappropriate

TikTok's hate speech detection system erroneously flagged phrases such as 'Black Lives Matter' and 'Black success' as inappropriate in its Creator Marketplace, while not flagging 'white supremacy' or 'white success'. Black creator Ziggi Tyler discovered the issue and posted viral videos expressing frustration. TikTok acknowledged the error, attributing it to a word-order bug, and said it is working to fix it. Some Black creators remain dissatisfied, citing a pattern of racial bias in content moderation.

Company involved
TikTok
AI system involved
TikTok Creator Marketplace hate speech detection system

7 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-PZC5LA1 Jan 2020

EEOC sues iTutorGroup for automated rejection of older tutor applicants

The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) alleges that tutoring provider iTutorGroup programmed its recruitment software automatically to reject female applicants aged 55 or older and male applicants aged 60 or older. More than 200 qualified US-based applicants were denied work in 2020. The EEOC has filed a lawsuit in the Eastern District of New York seeking back pay and damages.

Company involved
iTutorGroup

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-961A0L1 Dec 2018

Educational Testing Service's E-rater algorithm biases essay scores against minority students

The Educational Testing Service's E-rater algorithm, used to grade essays on the GRE and other standardized tests, has been found to systematically give higher scores to students from mainland China and lower scores to African American students compared to human graders. The bias stems from the algorithm's reliance on surface-level metrics like vocabulary and sentence length, which disadvantage certain groups. Despite studies dating back to 1999, the bias persists, and in many states, only a small percentage of essays are reviewed by humans.

Company involved
Educational Testing Service
AI system involved
E-rater

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-TNB7Q615 Oct 2024

NSW Education Standards Authority used AI-generated image in HSC English exam without disclosure

The NSW Education Standards Authority (NESA) used an AI-generated image as a stimulus in the 2024 HSC English exam without disclosing its origin. The image, created by Florian Schroeder using OpenAI's ChatGPT and Dall-E 2, was published on Medium in July 2023. Students suspected AI use due to irregularities in the image, and NESA initially declined to confirm. After the Sydney Morning Herald confirmed the image was AI-generated, NESA stated that students would be marked on their response to the question, not the image's origin.

Company involved
NSW Education Standards Authority
AI system involved
ChatGPT and Dall-E 2

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-L1LKDO1 Mar 2021

China's vocational school students exploited as data annotators for AI

Vocational schools in China force students to work as data annotators for AI companies, paying subminimum wages and taking commissions. Students like Lucy in Shandong spent months labeling data for autonomous driving and content moderation systems, with little learning or career advancement. The practice continues despite new regulations.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-8VKXFD28 Jun 2020

UBC students raise concerns over Proctorio's privacy breach and discrimination

The University of British Columbia (UBC) uses Proctorio, an algorithmic test proctoring software, for remote exams. In June 2020, a UBC student reported an issue with Proctorio, and the company's CEO released the student's support chat logs, sparking privacy concerns. The AMS of UBC published an open letter alleging that Proctorio discriminates against students of colour, those with disabilities, and other groups by flagging 'abnormal' behaviours and denying access. The letter calls on UBC to end its contract with Proctorio and conduct an external audit.

Company involved
University of British Columbia
AI system involved
Proctorio

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-W8MY6X1 Sep 2020

Middle schooler beats Edgenuity grading algorithm to get perfect score

A seventh-grade student in the Los Angeles Unified School District received a failing grade on a history assignment graded by Edgenuity's automated scoring algorithm. With help from his mother, a history professor, he reverse-engineered the algorithm by writing a paragraph with relevant keywords and a jumble of words, earning a perfect score. The incident highlights concerns about the accuracy and fairness of automated grading systems in education.

Company involved
Los Angeles Unified School District
AI system involved
Edgenuity

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-JVU6VY1 Mar 2020

ProctorU threatens UC Santa Barbara faculty over privacy criticism

ProctorU, an online proctoring service, sent a legal threat letter to the University of California Santa Barbara faculty association after the association expressed concerns about ProctorU's data privacy policies. The letter, from ProctorU's lawyer, invoked defamation, copyright, and trademark claims, and was copied to state and federal prosecutors. The faculty association had asked the university to reconsider its relationship with ProctorU due to concerns about student data sharing.

Company involved
ProctorU
AI system involved
ProctorU

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-XH2W9I1 Sep 2020

Proctortrack data breach exposed student data from online proctoring

Proctortrack, an online proctoring service used by universities, suffered a data breach in September 2020 when its source code was leaked online. An analysis by Consumer Reports found that the code contained hard-coded passwords and exposed the names and email addresses of over 150 students. The company acknowledged the leak but said no harm resulted. Students had been required to use the software, which performed facial recognition and recorded video during exams.

Company involved
Proctortrack
AI system involved
Proctortrack

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-PEFP2L8 Sep 2020

Proctorio's exam proctoring system allows human agents to review student feeds despite privacy claims

A security researcher analyzed Proctorio's Chrome extension and found evidence that the system allows human agents to review students' room scans and live ID checks, contrary to Proctorio's claims that only professors can access recordings. The system flags students based on behavioral metrics and can terminate exams. The researcher also raised concerns about discrimination against low-income students and privacy violations.

Company involved
Proctorio
AI system involved
Proctorio

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-SD7T9128 Sep 2020

Student flagged by ProctorU for reading aloud during exam

A college student, Dana Jo, was flagged by ProctorU test proctoring software for talking during an exam, which she says was reading a question aloud. Her professor initially gave her a zero and placed an academic infraction on her record, jeopardizing her scholarships. After reviewing a video recording, the professor apologized, reinstated her grade, and removed the infraction. ProctorU's CEO stated that the incident highlights the importance of video recordings for review.

Company involved
University (not named)
AI system involved
ProctorU

5 source articles · read the reporting →

Facial recognition trialled in Australian schools to mark attendance

Five Australian schools are trialling a facial recognition system from LoopLearn to automate student attendance. The system scans students' faces and sends attendance data to an app. Privacy experts have raised concerns about data security and surveillance. The Victorian government previously tried to stop the trial due to privacy risks.

Company involved
Clarendon College
AI system involved
LoopLearn

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-701YEA11 Mar 2021

UW-Madison disables Honorlock after skin tone recognition failure

The University of Wisconsin-Madison disabled the exam pause feature of its Honorlock anti-cheating software in March 2021 after three students complained that the software failed to recognize their darker skin tones and paused their exams. The software, used since online classes began, automatically pauses exams when it cannot detect facial features. Honorlock denied the issue was related to skin tone, attributing it to students looking away from their webcams. The university responded by disabling the feature.

Company involved
University of Wisconsin-Madison
AI system involved
Honorlock

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-SQJYDZ22 Oct 2020

CBSE introduces facial recognition system for students to access digital documents

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has introduced a facial recognition system for Class 10 and 12 students to access their digital academic documents. A live image of the student is compared with the photograph on their CBSE admit card and, if the match succeeds, the certificate is emailed to them. The facility is available on Digi Locker for 2020 records and is expected to help foreign students and those unable to open a Digi Locker account.

Company involved
Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)
AI system involved
Facial Recognition System

10 source articles · read the reporting →

Dartmouth Medical School charges 17 students with cheating based on tracking system.

Dartmouth College's Geisel School of Medicine charged 17 students with cheating on remote exams during the pandemic. The charges were based on secret tracking of student activity on the learning management system. Critics say the system is prone to errors and inappropriate for monitoring students.

Company involved
Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-3NJL6T1 Jan 2016

Buona Scuola algorithm mistakenly assigned thousands of teachers in Italy

In 2016, the Buona Scuola algorithm, used by the Italian Ministry of Education, mistakenly assigned thousands of teachers to wrong professional destinations based on mobility rankings. The system was later discontinued. The incident is reported in the Automating Society Report 2020.

Company involved
Italian Ministry of Education
AI system involved
Buona Scuola algorithm

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-ARIFZJ13 Jul 2011

DCPS used allegedly false test scores in teacher value-added evaluations

The District of Columbia Public Schools used student test scores from schools under investigation for cheating in value-added calculations for teacher evaluations. More than 200 teachers were terminated based on these evaluations. Teachers can appeal their ratings to the chancellor, but decisions will not be made before the next school year. The school system removes affected scores only when cheating is confirmed.

Company involved
District of Columbia Public Schools
AI system involved
value-added model

10 source articles · read the reporting →

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