The record

Where automated decisions went wrong

Incidents gathered from public reporting around the world. Each one links to the articles it came from. None of it is a finding that anyone broke the law.

Reports people file about their own experience are not shown here and never will be without their agreement. Tell us what happened to you.

Clear

68 incidents closest to “Shepard's Citation Agent” · matched on meaning · public reporting

WF-NI986730 Jun 2025

Woody Nora v. M & A Transport, Inc., et al. (E.D. Louisiana): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Sanction; 1…

The AI tool generated fictitious case law citations that were included in a court filing, affecting the plaintiff and the court.

AI system involved
Westlaw Precision

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-CFTMEU12 Feb 2024

Smith v. Farwell (Massachusetts): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Fine (Supervising Lawyer)

The AI generated hallucinated legal citations that were filed in court, misleading the court and opposing counsel.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-DG870X13 Oct 2025

Hassan v ABC International Bank (Employment Tribunals): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Costs Order

The AI generated fabricated legal citations that the claimant submitted to the tribunal, resulting in a costs order against the claimant.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-QDE8UG30 Jul 2025

The Father v The Mother (High Court): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Costs awarded against the Father (partly for relying…

The father's court filing contained AI-generated fake case citations, leading to a costs order against him.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-ZY89TF9 Sep 2024

Anonymous Spanish Lawyer (Tribunal Constitucional): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Formal Reprimand (Apercibimiento) + Referral to Barcelona Bar for Disc

The AI system generated hallucinated content that was submitted in a court filing, potentially misleading the court.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-6RCCSA1 Nov 2025

Myeesha Parker v. Costco Wholesale Corp. (W.D. Washington): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Fine, Adverse Costs Order, Bar Referral

The lawyer submitted AI-generated court documents containing false citations and quotes, harming his client's discrimination case.

AI system involved
Callidus AI

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-O7NVTN25 Dec 2025

Mag 7 Ltd. et al. v. Tederi et al. (District Court, Tel Aviv-Yafo): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Sanction;…

The AI generated fabricated case law that was submitted to the court, affecting the legal proceedings.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-XNTFA326 Aug 2024

Ferris v. Amazon.com Services (N.D. Mississippi): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Plaintiff ordered to pay Defendant’s reasonable costs related to…

The AI generated fabricated legal citations that were submitted to the court, affecting the defendant and the judicial process.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-DUZN2W31 Mar 2026

Joel A. Rivera v. Triad Properties Corporation, et al. (N.D. Alabama): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Public Reprimand; Disqualification; Bar…

The AI generated fabricated legal citations that were presented to the court, affecting the defendants and the judicial process.

Company involved
Burrill Watkins LLC
AI system involved
ChatGPT

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-KP4TEE12 May 2025

Bottrill v Graham & Anor (No 2) (District Court of New South Wales): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, The second…

The AI generated fabricated case law in the second defendant's court submissions.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-YN82N221 Jul 2026

Evans v. Robertson (4) (E.D. Michigan): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Briefs (both sides) struck

The AI system generated hallucinated legal citations in court filings, causing the court to strike the briefs of both plaintiff and defendant.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-FLO12O28 Jul 2025

Pelishek v. City of Sheboygan (E.D. Wisconsin): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Sanction

The AI system generated false legal citations that were included in a court filing, misleading the court and opposing counsel.

Company involved
John A. Pelishek
AI system involved
Westlaw Quick Check and AI Case Search Tool

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-RSROQM16 Oct 2025

Gittemeier v. Liberty Mutual Personal Insurance Company (E.D. Missouri): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Costs Order + Fine; One Attorney…

The AI system generated fictitious legal citations in a summary judgment motion, misleading the court and opposing counsel.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-PWRNUQ2 Oct 2025

The People v. Raziel Ruiz Alvarez (CA California): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Published order; monetary sanction payable by Counsel…

The AI generated fabricated legal citations that were included in a court filing, affecting the defendant's legal representation and the court's resources.

Company involved
Attorney Siddell

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-DLCQWL4 Nov 2024

CanLII sues Caseway AI for scraping legal database

The Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII) has filed a lawsuit in British Columbia Supreme Court against Caseway AI, alleging that the company's AI chatbot scraped approximately 3.5 million records from CanLII's database in bulk, violating its terms of service and copyright. CanLII claims it adds value to public court records through hyperlinks and corrections, which it says constitute protected copyrighted work. Caseway AI argues the information is public and accessible elsewhere, and that it did not use CanLII's enhancements. The lawsuit was settled in March 2026, with terms undisclosed.

Company involved
Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII)
AI system involved
Caseway

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-B4HA2D17 Jan 2025

United States v. Hayes (E.D. California): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Formal Sanction Imposed + Written Reprimand

The AI-generated fictitious citation was submitted in a motion to unseal, affecting the defendant's legal proceedings.

Company involved
Federal Public Defender's Office, Eastern District of California

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-HKN1QB9 Dec 2025

Johnson / Estate of Fisher v. City of Annapolis (D. Maryland): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, (Attorney was dismissed by…

The AI generated fabricated case law and quotes that were included in a court filing, affecting the plaintiffs and the judicial process.

Company involved
City of Annapolis

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-ILB6X17 Jul 2026

Recurso de Suplicación 0005472/2025 (T.S.X. Galicia): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Bar Referral

The AI generated false legal citations that were included in a court filing, misleading the court and potentially harming the client's case.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-NC8W6123 Jun 2026

Landberg v City of New York (CA NY (2d)): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Sanction

AI-generated fake legal citations were included in a court filing, resulting in monetary sanctions against the attorney and his law firm.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-AAQNX125 Sep 2026

Aguilar v. The Crawford Group, Inc. (D. Massachusetts): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Adverse Costs Order; Pro hac vice status…

The AI generated fake legal citations that were included in a court filing, misleading the court and opposing counsel.

Company involved
Lindemann Law Firm

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-YRYXUP28 Aug 2026

Erin Booker v. The Kroger Co. (N.D. Georgia): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Sanctions; CLE

The court imposed monetary sanctions and continuing legal education requirements on plaintiff's counsel for using AI-generated fake legal authorities in a court filing.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-WZ4LUU4 Aug 2026

Barteca Holdings v. Tacobarn (D. Connecticut): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Monetary Sanction; Bar Referral

The attorney filed a court document containing AI-hallucinated legal authorities, misleading the court and opposing party.

Company involved
Hilary Miller

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-M3PW5F27 Aug 2026

Thomas Raynard James v. Detective Kevin Conley, et al. (S.D. Florida): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Bar Referral

AI generated hallucinated content in a court filing, affecting the legal process and the lawyers who filed it.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-LKR1LN18 Aug 2026

Joann LeDoux v. Outliers, Inc. (2) (W.D. Washington): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, Expert Brief excluded/struck

The AI-generated hallucinated citations in an expert report led to the exclusion of the expert and dismissal of the plaintiff's case.

1 source article · read the reporting →

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