The record

Where automated decisions went wrong

Incidents gathered from public reporting around the world. Each one links to the articles it came from. None of it is a finding that anyone broke the law.

Reports people file about their own experience are not shown here and never will be without their agreement. Tell us what happened to you.

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116 incidents closest to “Sigma Identity Fraud” · matched on meaning · public reporting

WF-HXS00H1 Jan 2020

Dutch government continued SyRI welfare fraud profiling after ban

The Dutch government deployed the SyRI algorithm to profile welfare recipients in low-income neighborhoods, despite a 2020 court ruling that the system violated EU human rights. The algorithm flagged thousands of parents for fraud based on illegal risk factors such as dual nationality, leading to false accusations, bankruptcy, and trauma. The government has announced an external review of the practices.

Company involved
Ministry of Social Affairs of the Netherlands
AI system involved
SyRI

10 source articles · read the reporting →

Attempted deepfake CEO voicemail fraud against an unnamed technology company

An attacker used synthetic audio deepfake to leave a voicemail impersonating the CEO of a technology company, asking an employee to call back to finalize an urgent business deal. The employee found it suspicious and referred the matter to the legal department, avoiding any loss. Nisos analyzed the audio and found inconsistencies in pitch and tone.

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-G04ZO11 Nov 2025

Europol cracks down on network using deepfake ads for crypto fraud

Europol and national authorities in Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, and Israel arrested two people in November as part of a crackdown on a criminal network that used fraudulent online ads and AI-generated deepfake videos to lure victims into fake cryptocurrency investment platforms. The network allegedly laundered 700 million euros ($816 million) through the scheme, which Europol described as operating on an 'industrial' scale. The arrests were the second phase of an operation that had already led to nine arrests in October. The article does not name the suspects or firms targeted.

4 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-YFTSEX1 Jan 2023

Art gallery owner loses business after AI deepfake scam impersonating Pierce Brosnan

Simone Simms, owner of a Nottingham art gallery, was deceived by scammers using AI deepfake technology to impersonate actor Pierce Brosnan. She exchanged messages and had video calls with the fake Brosnan, leading her to send £3,000 and organise an exhibition, selling £20,000 in tickets. After the real Brosnan issued a cease-and-desist, she refunded the tickets and was forced to close her gallery, losing her £30,000 business.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-6CR2R620 Apr 2023

AI deepfake fraud dupes man into transferring $612,000

A man surnamed Guo, a legal representative of a technology company in Fuzhou, received a video call from someone impersonating his friend using AI to mimic the friend's face and voice. The fake friend asked Guo to transfer 4.3 million yuan to a bank account, claiming it was for a bid. Guo transferred the money and later discovered the fraud when he contacted his real friend. Police stopped part of the transfer and are investigating.

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-VU5D658 Apr 2023

California regulator accuses Maxpread Technologies of using AI-generated fake CEO to scam investors

Maxpread Technologies allegedly used an AI-generated avatar to pose as its CEO in a YouTube video to deceive investors. The California DFPI issued cease and desist letters to Maxpread and four other companies for offering unqualified securities and making false promises. The regulator claims the companies promised high daily returns using AI trading, but these claims were false. Maxpread did not respond to requests for comment.

Company involved
Maxpread Technologies

8 source articles · read the reporting →

Face recognition bypass used to register shell companies for tax fraud in Shanghai

In a major tax fraud case in Shanghai, criminals used face recognition cracking techniques to register shell companies on government platforms. They purchased high-resolution photos and used apps to create fake videos, then used modified phones to bypass face recognition authentication. The scheme resulted in fraudulent invoices totaling over 500 million yuan. The case was prosecuted by the Shanghai procuratorate.

7 source articles · read the reporting →

Hong Kong police arrest six in fraud syndicate using AI deepfake for loan scams

Hong Kong police arrested six people in a crackdown on a fraud syndicate that used AI deepfake technology to create doctored images for loan scams targeting banks and money-lenders. The case marks the first known instance of scammers using deepfake to fleece financial agencies. The police reminded the public to be aware of signs of deepfakes in video calls.

9 source articles · read the reporting →

Five Illinois residents sue facial recognition company Pimeyes under BIPA

Five Illinois residents are suing Pimeyes, a facial recognition search engine, alleging that the company violated the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act by collecting and using their facial data without consent. The lawsuit claims that Pimeyes made the residents' photos and information available in search results, enabling unauthorized access. The company has not yet been served with the lawsuit, and its CEO stated he had no prior knowledge of the case.

Company involved
Pimeyes
AI system involved
Pimeyes

7 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-LN1XAB1 Jan 2021

California EDD's automated fraud detection wrongly suspended 600,000 legitimate unemployment claims

In January 2021, the California Employment Development Department used Thompson Reuters automated batch review software to flag 1.1 million unemployment claims as potentially fraudulent. EDD stopped payments on those claims without prior notice. Later, over 600,000 were confirmed as legitimate after claimants used ID.me to verify their identity. The incident highlights the trade-off between fraud prevention and timely benefit access.

Company involved
California Employment Development Department (EDD)
AI system involved
Thompson Reuters Automated Batch Review

7 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-O2M7OU21 Mar 2025

City analyst Michael Hewson cloned in AI deepfake scam on social media

A deepfake video using AI to impersonate City analyst Michael Hewson circulated on Facebook and Instagram, directing users to a WhatsApp group promising undervalued investments. The scam used fear-of-missing-out tactics to lure victims. Hewson publicly disavowed the video and reported it to Meta, expressing anger.

Company involved
Meta

4 source articles · read the reporting →

Spanish police bust $20M AI-powered investment scam

Spanish law enforcement, collaborating with international authorities, dismantled a $20 million investment scam that used AI-driven algorithms to deceive individuals and organizations. Six suspects were detained and assets, including luxury cars and cryptocurrency, were seized. The article does not report any compensation for victims.

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-ROMQCH5 Feb 2024

OnlyFake site uses neural networks to generate fake IDs, bypasses OKX verification

An underground website called OnlyFake uses neural networks to generate realistic photos of fake IDs for $15. The journalist tested the service and obtained a convincing California driver's license. They then used another fake ID to successfully bypass the identity verification process on OKX, a cryptocurrency exchange. The article alleges that this technology could streamline bank fraud and money laundering, but reports no actual financial loss.

Company involved
OKX
AI system involved
OnlyFake

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-ZJ35TI1 Dec 2024

NBI raids Makati love scam facility using AI-generated fake female profiles

The National Bureau of Investigation raided a Makati condominium believed to be a love-scam facility, arresting about 100 suspects. The scammers used AI-generated conversations and fake profile pictures of women to trick victims into investing in fraudulent cryptocurrency schemes. Singaporean actor Laurence Pang said he lost S$35,000 after being deceived by such a scheme via the dating site PinaLove in late 2024; the PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group confirmed he was a victim. The NBI continues to interrogate a Chinese national said to be the supervisor.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-YDH39P1 Jan 2013

Swedish welfare agency's AI system flags marginalized groups for fraud investigations

Försäkringskassan, Sweden's Social Insurance Agency, uses an AI risk-scoring system to flag welfare applicants for fraud investigations. The system disproportionately targets women, individuals with foreign backgrounds, low-income earners, and those without university degrees, according to an investigation by Lighthouse Reports and Svenska Dagbladet. Amnesty International has called for the system to be discontinued, citing violations of the right to equality and non-discrimination.

Company involved
Försäkringskassan (Swedish Social Insurance Agency)

6 source articles · read the reporting →

Deepfake Trump video scam defrauds over 200 in Karnataka

An AI-generated video of Donald Trump promising quick returns scammed over 200 people across Karnataka, India, costing them more than ₹2 crore. Victims believed they were investing in 'Trump Hotel rentals' and saw fake earnings grow on their app until everything vanished. A police investigation is underway.

4 source articles · read the reporting →

DWP algorithm mistakenly flags 200,000 Housing Benefit claimants for fraud review

The UK Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) uses an algorithm to flag Housing Benefit claimants for possible fraud or error. According to a Big Brother Watch investigation, the algorithm has mistakenly flagged 200,000 innocent people, subjecting them to intrusive reviews. Only one in three flagged cases actually had errors, compared to two in three during the pilot. The DWP has spent £4.4 million on these pointless checks.

Company involved
Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-8Y9KXF30 Mar 2024

Mumbai businessman loses Rs 80,000 in AI voice cloning scam

A 68-year-old businessman from Powai, Mumbai, was defrauded of Rs 80,000 after receiving a call from scammers posing as the Indian Embassy in Dubai. The fraudsters used AI voice cloning to mimic his son's voice, claiming he was arrested and needed bail money. The victim transferred the money via GPay before realising it was a scam when the call was disconnected. The Kanjurmarg police have registered a case and are investigating.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-JH6BWB1 Oct 2024

Florida Grandmother Loses $200,000 to AI Deepfake Doctor Scam

An 82-year-old retired teacher from Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, lost nearly $200,000 in retirement savings after scammers used an AI-generated deepfake video impersonating Dr. Pierre Kory to promote a fake investment fund. The victim, who cares for her autistic grandson, was convinced to send money via Facebook Messenger and checks. Police later confirmed the money was unrecoverable, leaving her facing financial hardship. The incident is part of a surge in AI-enabled crypto scams, which stole $17 billion in 2025.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-L7RQG21 Mar 2025

Singapore Firm Defrauded of $499K in Deepfake CEO Video Call Scam

In March 2025, a finance director at a multinational firm in Singapore authorised a US$499,000 payment during a Zoom call that appeared to include the company's CFO and other executives. The call was a deepfake, with AI-generated likenesses and voices. The fraudsters used the impersonation to request an urgent fund transfer for a purported acquisition. The company later discovered the deception and reported it to Singapore police.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-3RBX5G1 Jan 2021

Ukrainian Hacker Pleads Guilty to Operating OnlyFake AI ID Scam Site

Yurii Nazarenko, a Ukrainian national, pleaded guilty to running OnlyFake, an AI-powered website that generated and sold over 10,000 counterfeit identification documents globally. The site allowed users to create realistic fake IDs, including driver's licenses and passports, to bypass identity verification at banks and cryptocurrency exchanges. Nazarenko faces up to 15 years in prison and agreed to forfeit $1.2 million. Sentencing is scheduled for June 2026.

Company involved
OnlyFake
AI system involved
OnlyFake

3 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-QKEZP51 Jan 2025

Scammers Use AI to Create Fake Joann Fabrics Websites to Steal Credit Card Data

After Joann Fabrics filed for bankruptcy in January 2025, scammers used AI to create impostor websites mimicking the retailer's site. These fake sites offered deep discounts to trick shoppers into providing credit-card information and personal data. Customers who placed orders never received products and had their payment information compromised. The incident highlights the growing use of AI by cybercriminals to create convincing fake websites.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

Man uses AI face-swap to steal 15,996 yuan from financial accounts, sentenced to 4.5 years

A man in Jiangsu, China, illegally purchased 1.95 million personal records and used AI face-swapping software to bypass facial recognition on financial platforms. He accessed 23 victims' accounts, changed five passwords, and used one account to buy two phones worth 15,996 yuan. He was convicted of infringing citizens' personal information and credit card fraud, sentenced to four years and six months in prison, and ordered to pay damages and delete the data.

3 source articles · read the reporting →

Scammers use AI deepfakes to defraud Simcoe County residents of tens of thousands

Scammers are using AI-generated deepfake videos of public figures to promote fraudulent investment schemes, tricking residents of Simcoe County, Ontario, into transferring large sums of money via cryptocurrency. Victims, numbering at least half a dozen, have lost tens of thousands of dollars, with one losing over $100,000. The scammers, who pose as investment representatives, instruct victims to move money to crypto exchanges and then transfer it to untraceable addresses. MP Adam Chambers is calling for greater public awareness and platform accountability.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

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