The record

Where automated decisions went wrong

Incidents gathered from public reporting around the world. Each one links to the articles it came from. None of it is a finding that anyone broke the law.

Reports people file about their own experience are not shown here and never will be without their agreement. Tell us what happened to you.

Clear

140 incidents closest to “Sigma Synthetic Fraud” · matched on meaning · public reporting

WF-6CR2R620 Apr 2023

AI deepfake fraud dupes man into transferring $612,000

A man surnamed Guo, a legal representative of a technology company in Fuzhou, received a video call from someone impersonating his friend using AI to mimic the friend's face and voice. The fake friend asked Guo to transfer 4.3 million yuan to a bank account, claiming it was for a bid. Guo transferred the money and later discovered the fraud when he contacted his real friend. Police stopped part of the transfer and are investigating.

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-VU5D658 Apr 2023

California regulator accuses Maxpread Technologies of using AI-generated fake CEO to scam investors

Maxpread Technologies allegedly used an AI-generated avatar to pose as its CEO in a YouTube video to deceive investors. The California DFPI issued cease and desist letters to Maxpread and four other companies for offering unqualified securities and making false promises. The regulator claims the companies promised high daily returns using AI trading, but these claims were false. Maxpread did not respond to requests for comment.

Company involved
Maxpread Technologies

8 source articles · read the reporting →

TOV Realty, LLC v. Suarez; Kosel Equity, LLC v. MacGregor (SC Connecticut): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, 6 hours CLE;…

The AI generated legal briefs containing fabricated citations, which were submitted to the Connecticut Supreme Court.

Company involved
GLG Law LLC
AI system involved
ChatGPT

1 source article · read the reporting →

Face recognition bypass used to register shell companies for tax fraud in Shanghai

In a major tax fraud case in Shanghai, criminals used face recognition cracking techniques to register shell companies on government platforms. They purchased high-resolution photos and used apps to create fake videos, then used modified phones to bypass face recognition authentication. The scheme resulted in fraudulent invoices totaling over 500 million yuan. The case was prosecuted by the Shanghai procuratorate.

7 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-QJLLJJ14 Jul 2026

In re Rosslyn2016, LLC, et al. (S.D. Texas (Bankruptcy)): AI-hallucinated content in court filing, CLE on generative AI; Civil Contempt;…

The AI generated fabricated legal citations that were submitted to the bankruptcy court.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-TNYV0E27 Dec 2021

Deepfake videos using Synthesia spread disinformation in Mali

Fake videos with computer-generated voiceovers and deepfake avatars have been circulating on social media in Mali. One video, created using the Synthesia platform, shows a fake news presenter claiming France paid Malian parties to boycott a national consultation. The video was seen over 900,000 times on Facebook. Synthesia banned the user who created the video for violating its terms of service.

AI system involved
Synthesia

7 source articles · read the reporting →

Hong Kong police arrest six in fraud syndicate using AI deepfake for loan scams

Hong Kong police arrested six people in a crackdown on a fraud syndicate that used AI deepfake technology to create doctored images for loan scams targeting banks and money-lenders. The case marks the first known instance of scammers using deepfake to fleece financial agencies. The police reminded the public to be aware of signs of deepfakes in video calls.

9 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-K4XU4L19 Apr 2023

Deepfake video promotes fake Petro-Canada investment scheme

A Facebook ad used deepfake videos of Justin Trudeau and CBC anchor Aarti Pole to promote a fake Petro-Canada investment platform. Suncor, Petro-Canada's parent company, confirmed the offer was not legitimate. The manipulated videos were created using AI and did not air on CBC.

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-O2M7OU21 Mar 2025

City analyst Michael Hewson cloned in AI deepfake scam on social media

A deepfake video using AI to impersonate City analyst Michael Hewson circulated on Facebook and Instagram, directing users to a WhatsApp group promising undervalued investments. The scam used fear-of-missing-out tactics to lure victims. Hewson publicly disavowed the video and reported it to Meta, expressing anger.

Company involved
Meta

4 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-23YPHU1 Jan 2018

SEC charges American Bitcoin Academy over $1.2M AI scam

Brian Sewell, through his company American Bitcoin Academy, allegedly defrauded 15 students of $1.2 million by claiming his Rockwell Fund would use AI to generate high returns. The SEC charged that Sewell never launched the fund and lost the investors' money when his Bitcoin wallet was hacked. The case was settled with Sewell agreeing to pay $1.6 million in disgorgement and a $233,229 penalty.

Company involved
American Bitcoin Academy

6 source articles · read the reporting →

Spanish police bust $20M AI-powered investment scam

Spanish law enforcement, collaborating with international authorities, dismantled a $20 million investment scam that used AI-driven algorithms to deceive individuals and organizations. Six suspects were detained and assets, including luxury cars and cryptocurrency, were seized. The article does not report any compensation for victims.

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-ROMQCH5 Feb 2024

OnlyFake site uses neural networks to generate fake IDs, bypasses OKX verification

An underground website called OnlyFake uses neural networks to generate realistic photos of fake IDs for $15. The journalist tested the service and obtained a convincing California driver's license. They then used another fake ID to successfully bypass the identity verification process on OKX, a cryptocurrency exchange. The article alleges that this technology could streamline bank fraud and money laundering, but reports no actual financial loss.

Company involved
OKX
AI system involved
OnlyFake

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-OHXOI01 Apr 2023

Scammer sold fake AI-generated Frank Ocean tracks for thousands

A scammer using the handle mourningassasin sold fake Frank Ocean tracks generated by AI to music collectors on underground forums, making around $13,000 CAD. The tracks were created using a model trained on high-quality vocal snippets of Frank Ocean. The scammer admitted the tracks were AI-generated after being confronted by forum administrators, and was banned from the forum.

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-MCOWG76 May 2025

California judge sanctions law firms for using AI to generate fake legal citations

Two law firms submitted a supplemental brief containing fake legal citations generated by AI systems including Google Gemini and Westlaw's CoCounsel. Judge Michael Wilner imposed $31,000 in sanctions after discovering the citations were fabricated. The lawyers admitted using AI without proper review or disclosure.

Company involved
K&L Gates
AI system involved
Google Gemini, Westlaw Precision with CoCounsel

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-G4FI1630 Apr 2025

Anthropic ordered to respond over alleged AI-hallucinated citation in court filing

A US federal magistrate judge has ordered Anthropic to respond to music publishers' claim that a court filing by Anthropic data scientist Olivia Chen cited a fictitious academic article that may have been generated by Anthropic's AI tool Claude. The publishers' lawyer said he had confirmed with the named author and journal that the article did not exist. Anthropic's lawyer disputed this, saying it was a mis-citation rather than an AI hallucination. The filing was made in an ongoing copyright case brought by Universal Music Group, Concord, and ABKCO against Anthropic over the use of song lyrics to train Claude.

Company involved
Anthropic
AI system involved
Claude

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-JH6BWB1 Oct 2024

Florida Grandmother Loses $200,000 to AI Deepfake Doctor Scam

An 82-year-old retired teacher from Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, lost nearly $200,000 in retirement savings after scammers used an AI-generated deepfake video impersonating Dr. Pierre Kory to promote a fake investment fund. The victim, who cares for her autistic grandson, was convinced to send money via Facebook Messenger and checks. Police later confirmed the money was unrecoverable, leaving her facing financial hardship. The incident is part of a surge in AI-enabled crypto scams, which stole $17 billion in 2025.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-L7RQG21 Mar 2025

Singapore Firm Defrauded of $499K in Deepfake CEO Video Call Scam

In March 2025, a finance director at a multinational firm in Singapore authorised a US$499,000 payment during a Zoom call that appeared to include the company's CFO and other executives. The call was a deepfake, with AI-generated likenesses and voices. The fraudsters used the impersonation to request an urgent fund transfer for a purported acquisition. The company later discovered the deception and reported it to Singapore police.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-3RBX5G1 Jan 2021

Ukrainian Hacker Pleads Guilty to Operating OnlyFake AI ID Scam Site

Yurii Nazarenko, a Ukrainian national, pleaded guilty to running OnlyFake, an AI-powered website that generated and sold over 10,000 counterfeit identification documents globally. The site allowed users to create realistic fake IDs, including driver's licenses and passports, to bypass identity verification at banks and cryptocurrency exchanges. Nazarenko faces up to 15 years in prison and agreed to forfeit $1.2 million. Sentencing is scheduled for June 2026.

Company involved
OnlyFake
AI system involved
OnlyFake

3 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-QKEZP51 Jan 2025

Scammers Use AI to Create Fake Joann Fabrics Websites to Steal Credit Card Data

After Joann Fabrics filed for bankruptcy in January 2025, scammers used AI to create impostor websites mimicking the retailer's site. These fake sites offered deep discounts to trick shoppers into providing credit-card information and personal data. Customers who placed orders never received products and had their payment information compromised. The incident highlights the growing use of AI by cybercriminals to create convincing fake websites.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

Scammers use AI deepfakes to defraud Simcoe County residents of tens of thousands

Scammers are using AI-generated deepfake videos of public figures to promote fraudulent investment schemes, tricking residents of Simcoe County, Ontario, into transferring large sums of money via cryptocurrency. Victims, numbering at least half a dozen, have lost tens of thousands of dollars, with one losing over $100,000. The scammers, who pose as investment representatives, instruct victims to move money to crypto exchanges and then transfer it to untraceable addresses. MP Adam Chambers is calling for greater public awareness and platform accountability.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-2CXT6S1 Jan 2018

SEC charges YouPlus and CEO with defrauding investors

The SEC charged machine-learning startup YouPlus and its CEO Shaukat Shamim with defrauding investors. Shamim allegedly made false statements about the company's revenue and customer numbers, including providing falsified bank statements. The scheme unravelled when Shamim confessed to investors that the company had earned less than $500,000 and had only four paying customers since 2013. The SEC is seeking permanent injunctions, civil penalties, and an officer-and-director bar.

Company involved
YouPlus
AI system involved
YouPlus machine-learning tool

1 source article · read the reporting →

CA Press Wing warns of AI deepfake videos falsely showing Yunus endorsing gambling

The CA Press Wing warned that AI-generated deepfake videos of Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus are being used in gambling ads on social media. The manipulated footage, taken from genuine interviews, falsely depicts Yunus promoting betting apps. The government urged the public to be cautious and not be deceived by these fake endorsements.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-24HKK628 May 2024

AI-generated video falsely shows scientist endorsing heart disease remedy

A Facebook page published an AI-generated video impersonating US-based Nigerian scientist Samuel Achilefu and a TVC News presenter to promote a fake heart disease remedy called Cordis. The video falsely claimed the product could revitalise blood vessels and stabilise blood pressure. Achilefu denied involvement and reported the video to the FBI. AFP Fact Check found the video was created using AI and the product's manufacturer denied producing it.

Company involved
Mohammad Al-Hamdan

2 source articles · read the reporting →

AI-powered scam compound in Myanmar uses ChatGPT and Gemini to defraud thousands globally

Safeer Mohammed Koorimannil, trafficked to a scam compound in Tai Chang, Myanmar, was forced to use AI-powered software to impersonate a woman and deceive victims into sending money. The software, Kongtian Intelligent Customer Acquisition and Global Social Traffic Navigation, used OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Gemini to generate messages and translate in over 100 languages. Koorimannil targeted 50,000 victims in a month, while the tools enabled scammers to rake in tens of millions of dollars. U.S. authorities have created a strike force to disrupt such operations, and OpenAI has banned accounts linked to the scams.

Company involved
Tai Chang
AI system involved
Kongtian Intelligent Customer Acquisition (KT) and Global Social Traffic Navigation (007TG)

2 source articles · read the reporting →

← Newerpage 5 of 6Older →