The record

Where automated decisions went wrong

Incidents gathered from public reporting around the world. Each one links to the articles it came from. None of it is a finding that anyone broke the law.

Reports people file about their own experience are not shown here and never will be without their agreement. Tell us what happened to you.

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212 incidents closest to “Document Fraud Detection” · matched on meaning · public reporting

AI detectors falsely flag non-native English speakers' essays as AI-generated

A study by Stanford researchers found that seven popular AI text detectors wrongly flagged over half of essays written by non-native English speakers as AI-generated. The detectors assess text perplexity, and non-native speakers' simpler word choices lead to false positives. The researchers warn that this bias could have serious implications for students and job applicants, potentially leading to discrimination.

9 source articles · read the reporting →

Deepfake Trump video scam defrauds over 200 in Karnataka

An AI-generated video of Donald Trump promising quick returns scammed over 200 people across Karnataka, India, costing them more than ₹2 crore. Victims believed they were investing in 'Trump Hotel rentals' and saw fake earnings grow on their app until everything vanished. A police investigation is underway.

4 source articles · read the reporting →

DWP algorithm mistakenly flags 200,000 Housing Benefit claimants for fraud review

The UK Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) uses an algorithm to flag Housing Benefit claimants for possible fraud or error. According to a Big Brother Watch investigation, the algorithm has mistakenly flagged 200,000 innocent people, subjecting them to intrusive reviews. Only one in three flagged cases actually had errors, compared to two in three during the pilot. The DWP has spent £4.4 million on these pointless checks.

Company involved
Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-DLNNBB1 Jan 2015

French police secretly used Briefcam facial recognition since 2015

The French National Police has been using Briefcam's Video Synopsis software since 2015, according to internal documents obtained by Disclose. The software, which includes facial recognition capabilities, was deployed without the required data protection impact assessment or notification to the CNIL. The Ministry of the Interior concealed the use of this tool for eight years. The police hierarchy allegedly used the software for facial recognition without judicial requisition, and the DGPN did not respond to requests for comment.

Company involved
French National Police
AI system involved
Briefcam Video Synopsis

10 source articles · read the reporting →

Audit of RisCanvi finds biases and reliability issues in criminal justice system

Eticas conducted an adversarial audit of RisCanvi, an AI risk assessment tool used in Catalonia's criminal justice system. The audit uncovered biases in risk classifications against specific demographics and significant reliability issues. The findings call for fairer practices in criminal justice AI.

Company involved
Catalonia's criminal justice system
AI system involved
RisCanvi

4 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-PQKZOM1 Jan 2016

Vumacam's AI CCTV system flagged 28 black people as suspicious in Johannesburg suburbs

In Johannesburg suburbs, Vumacam's AI-powered CCTV network using iSentry software flagged 28 black individuals as 'suspicious' in a shift report, according to a 2019 article. The system, deployed by private security firms, uses video analytics to detect abnormal behavior and alerts security guards. The article alleges that the system disproportionately targets people of color, reflecting racial bias in a racially divided country.

Company involved
Vumacam
AI system involved
iSentry

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-LIDYZZ1 Jan 2025

UK universities detect deepfake applicants in automated interviews

Some UK universities use Enroly's automated online interviews to screen international student applicants. Enroly detected about 30 cases of deepfake attempts out of 20,000 interviews during the January 2025 intake. The deepfakes used AI-generated images and audio to replace applicants' faces and voices. Enroly stated it caught the attempts using real-time detection methods.

Company involved
UK universities
AI system involved
Enroly

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-Q8FS1926 Oct 2025

Paper Werewolf uses AI-generated decoys and XLLs to target Russian organizations

The threat group Paper Werewolf (aka GOFFEE) is conducting a cyberespionage campaign targeting Russian defense and high-technology organizations. The campaign uses AI-generated decoy documents, such as invitations and official letters, to trick recipients into opening malicious Excel XLL add-ins that deliver a backdoor called EchoGather. The backdoor collects system information and communicates with a command-and-control server. The campaign is ongoing and was first detected in late October 2025.

Company involved
Paper Werewolf
AI system involved
EchoGather

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-9F92BD14 Nov 2019

UK prison risk algorithm may embed racial bias, experts warn

The Ministry of Justice developed a digital tool to categorize prisoners, which experts and advocacy groups warn could automate and embed racism. The tool uses intelligence data that may reflect existing bias, potentially leading to disproportionate categorization of BAME prisoners. The MoJ claims no evidence of discrimination, but critics question the small trial sample and lack of transparency.

Company involved
Ministry of Justice
AI system involved
Digital prisoner categorisation tool

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-L7RQG21 Mar 2025

Singapore Firm Defrauded of $499K in Deepfake CEO Video Call Scam

In March 2025, a finance director at a multinational firm in Singapore authorised a US$499,000 payment during a Zoom call that appeared to include the company's CFO and other executives. The call was a deepfake, with AI-generated likenesses and voices. The fraudsters used the impersonation to request an urgent fund transfer for a purported acquisition. The company later discovered the deception and reported it to Singapore police.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-3RBX5G1 Jan 2021

Ukrainian Hacker Pleads Guilty to Operating OnlyFake AI ID Scam Site

Yurii Nazarenko, a Ukrainian national, pleaded guilty to running OnlyFake, an AI-powered website that generated and sold over 10,000 counterfeit identification documents globally. The site allowed users to create realistic fake IDs, including driver's licenses and passports, to bypass identity verification at banks and cryptocurrency exchanges. Nazarenko faces up to 15 years in prison and agreed to forfeit $1.2 million. Sentencing is scheduled for June 2026.

Company involved
OnlyFake
AI system involved
OnlyFake

3 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-QKEZP51 Jan 2025

Scammers Use AI to Create Fake Joann Fabrics Websites to Steal Credit Card Data

After Joann Fabrics filed for bankruptcy in January 2025, scammers used AI to create impostor websites mimicking the retailer's site. These fake sites offered deep discounts to trick shoppers into providing credit-card information and personal data. Customers who placed orders never received products and had their payment information compromised. The incident highlights the growing use of AI by cybercriminals to create convincing fake websites.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

Man uses AI face-swap to steal 15,996 yuan from financial accounts, sentenced to 4.5 years

A man in Jiangsu, China, illegally purchased 1.95 million personal records and used AI face-swapping software to bypass facial recognition on financial platforms. He accessed 23 victims' accounts, changed five passwords, and used one account to buy two phones worth 15,996 yuan. He was convicted of infringing citizens' personal information and credit card fraud, sentenced to four years and six months in prison, and ordered to pay damages and delete the data.

3 source articles · read the reporting →

Scammers use AI deepfakes to defraud Simcoe County residents of tens of thousands

Scammers are using AI-generated deepfake videos of public figures to promote fraudulent investment schemes, tricking residents of Simcoe County, Ontario, into transferring large sums of money via cryptocurrency. Victims, numbering at least half a dozen, have lost tens of thousands of dollars, with one losing over $100,000. The scammers, who pose as investment representatives, instruct victims to move money to crypto exchanges and then transfer it to untraceable addresses. MP Adam Chambers is calling for greater public awareness and platform accountability.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

FBI and ICE use state driver's license photos for facial recognition without consent

The FBI and ICE have been scanning millions of Americans' driver's license photos using facial recognition technology without their knowledge or consent, according to newly released documents. The agencies accessed state DMV databases, turning them into a facial-recognition gold mine. This practice raises significant privacy concerns as it was done without public awareness or legal oversight.

Company involved
FBI and ICE

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-2CXT6S1 Jan 2018

SEC charges YouPlus and CEO with defrauding investors

The SEC charged machine-learning startup YouPlus and its CEO Shaukat Shamim with defrauding investors. Shamim allegedly made false statements about the company's revenue and customer numbers, including providing falsified bank statements. The scheme unravelled when Shamim confessed to investors that the company had earned less than $500,000 and had only four paying customers since 2013. The SEC is seeking permanent injunctions, civil penalties, and an officer-and-director bar.

Company involved
YouPlus
AI system involved
YouPlus machine-learning tool

1 source article · read the reporting →

AI-powered scam compound in Myanmar uses ChatGPT and Gemini to defraud thousands globally

Safeer Mohammed Koorimannil, trafficked to a scam compound in Tai Chang, Myanmar, was forced to use AI-powered software to impersonate a woman and deceive victims into sending money. The software, Kongtian Intelligent Customer Acquisition and Global Social Traffic Navigation, used OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Gemini to generate messages and translate in over 100 languages. Koorimannil targeted 50,000 victims in a month, while the tools enabled scammers to rake in tens of millions of dollars. U.S. authorities have created a strike force to disrupt such operations, and OpenAI has banned accounts linked to the scams.

Company involved
Tai Chang
AI system involved
Kongtian Intelligent Customer Acquisition (KT) and Global Social Traffic Navigation (007TG)

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-ELVA1E22 Sep 2026

Pensioner loses 80,000 pounds to deepfake Martin Lewis investment scam

The deepfake video deceived a pensioner into investing in a fraudulent scheme and taking out loans.

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-D5Q6XP27 Oct 2025

Deepfake scam articles impersonate Maltese ministers after budget day

After Malta's budget day on 27 October 2025, a series of scam articles featuring deepfake videos of ministers, including Economy Minister Silvio Schembri, appeared on social media. The articles, falsely branded as Times of Malta, promoted a fraudulent AI-powered trading platform called NethertoxAGENT, claiming a €215 investment would yield €850 weekly. The scam used fake testimonials and logos of reputable businesses to appear credible. Authorities have not reported any arrests for this specific scam, but a similar deepfake scam previously led to a woman losing her life savings and a money laundering charge against a Ukrainian national.

3 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-HS762318 Jun 2025

Macau police warn of deepfake video impersonating Chief Executive in investment scam

The Macau Judiciary Police warned the public about a deepfake video circulating on social media that used AI to impersonate Chief Executive Sam Hou Fai. The manipulated footage falsely showed him endorsing fraudulent investment platforms. No victims have yet reported losses, but authorities urged caution against such scams. The police are monitoring online platforms and working with other authorities to trace the fraud networks.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-MWBQBV12 Feb 2025

Malta president's office warns of deepfake investment scams

The Office of the President of Malta warned the public about fraudulent social media profiles and deepfake videos impersonating President Myriam Spiteri Debono. The fake content is used to promote bogus financial investments, mainly in cryptocurrency, aiming to scam victims. The office stated it disassociates itself from the content and is reporting the fraudulent pages to the relevant authorities, urging the public to remain vigilant.

Company involved
Office of the President

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-T5ERDR1 Mar 2023

Bank of America Customer Targeted by AI Voice Deepfake Scam

Clive Kabatznik, a Florida investor, was targeted by scammers who used AI-generated voice deepfakes to impersonate him in calls to his Bank of America representative. The fraudsters attempted to trick the banker into transferring money, but the banker became suspicious and hung up. The bank reported the incident to its security team, and it took about 10 days for Mr. Kabatznik to re-establish contact with his banker. The incident highlights the growing threat of voice deepfakes in financial scams.

Company involved
Bank of America

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-DWBKBN1 Jan 2019

Las Vegas police used unsuitable facial recognition images in nearly half of searches

The Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (LVMPD) used 'non-suitable' probe images in 451 of 924 facial recognition searches in 2019, greatly increasing the risk of false identifications. The system, supplied by Vigilant Solutions, returned likely matches in only 18% of those searches, yet led to arrests in at least 73 cases. Critics and researchers warn this practice heightens the chance of wrongful arrests, and one defence attorney said he was never informed facial recognition was used to identify his client.

Company involved
Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
AI system involved
Vigilant Solutions facial recognition system

1 source article · read the reporting →

Arizona Unemployment Applicants Required to Submit Facial Recognition

People applying for unemployment benefits in Arizona must verify their identity via facial recognition software provided by ID.me. If the system fails to match a selfie to a photo ID, applicants can be denied benefits unless they successfully complete a video chat with a referee. A class-action lawsuit filed in June 2021 alleges that the practice violates due process rights and discriminates against people of colour.

Company involved
Arizona Department of Economic Security
AI system involved
ID.me

1 source article · read the reporting →

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