The record

Where automated decisions went wrong

Incidents gathered from public reporting around the world. Each one links to the articles it came from. None of it is a finding that anyone broke the law.

Reports people file about their own experience are not shown here and never will be without their agreement. Tell us what happened to you.

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92 incidents closest to “Earnix Customer Engagement” · matched on meaning · public reporting

DeepScore markets facial and voice analysis app for trustworthiness scoring despite experts' doubts

DeepScore, a Tokyo-based company, is marketing an app that uses facial and voice recognition to score people's trustworthiness for lenders and insurers in Japan, Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines. The company says the app can detect deception with 70 per cent accuracy, but researchers and privacy advocates say there is no reliable scientific basis for such judgments and warn of discrimination and privacy harms. The chief executive said the system is only one part of lenders' and insurers' decision-making and that people can choose not to use it. Critics respond that an unequal balance of power makes consent difficult.

Company involved
DeepScore
AI system involved
DeepScore

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-DYTSSY24 May 2021

Lemonade backtracks on tweet claiming AI scans customer faces for fraud

Lemonade, an insurance firm, posted a tweet claiming it uses AI to detect non-verbal cues in customer videos to deny claims. After backlash comparing the practice to phrenology, the company deleted the tweet and denied using AI to deny claims based on facial characteristics. Lemonade stated it uses facial recognition only to flag claims submitted under different identities, which are then reviewed by human investigators.

Company involved
Lemonade

10 source articles · read the reporting →

Hospitals use Epic AI to predict Covid-19 decline without validation

Dozens of hospitals across the US are using Epic's deterioration index AI system to predict which Covid-19 patients will become critically ill, despite the tool not being validated for the new disease. The rapid deployment during the pandemic bypassed normal testing and validation processes.

AI system involved
Deterioration index

9 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-LBFMV812 Dec 2014

Amazon sellers lose thousands after RepricerExpress pricing glitch

A software glitch in RepricerExpress's automated repricing system caused products sold by Amazon sellers to be priced at 1p, leading to significant financial losses for the sellers. RepricerExpress apologised but did not offer compensation, while Amazon said it had reached out to affected sellers but many reported no response. Some sellers have instructed lawyers to take legal action against RepricerExpress and Amazon.

Company involved
RepricerExpress
AI system involved
RepricerExpress

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-VR6R0O1 Aug 2019

LoanDepot algorithm denied mortgage to Black couple in Charlotte

In August 2019, Crystal Marie and Eskias McDaniels, a Black couple, were denied a mortgage for a house in Charlotte, North Carolina, by loanDepot's automated underwriting algorithm. The algorithm rejected the application because Crystal Marie was a contractor, not a full-time employee, despite her high credit score and income. After the couple enlisted their real estate agent and employer to intervene, the lender reversed the decision and cleared them to close. The couple alleged that race played a role in the denial, which loanDepot denied.

Company involved
loanDepot
AI system involved
Classic FICO and Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac automated underwriting software

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-R2SNAZ1 Jan 2013

UnitedHealth used ALERT algorithm to limit mental health coverage, regulators found

ProPublica reports that UnitedHealth Group's Optum subsidiary used the ALERT algorithm to flag mental health patients and therapists as outliers, leading to therapy coverage denials. Regulators in California, Massachusetts and New York alleged this breached the federal Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act, and UnitedHealth agreed to restrict the system in those jurisdictions. The company denies wrongdoing and says its programmes are compliant. Affected patients, including Medicaid enrollees, were left to pay out-of-pocket or go without care.

Company involved
UnitedHealth Group
AI system involved
ALERT

5 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-3333OU22 Sep 2021

EviCore denied heart catheterization for patient using algorithm

In fall 2021, Little John Cupp's doctor requested a left heart catheterization exam. EviCore, a company hired by UnitedHealthcare, denied the request twice using an algorithm called 'the dial' that adjusts thresholds for review. The algorithm flagged the request for review, and EviCore's doctors determined it was not medically necessary. Cupp did not receive the procedure and his symptoms continued.

Company involved
EviCore (a Cigna company)
AI system involved
the dial

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-NFIWMI18 Nov 2023

Cigna StressWaves Test found unreliable and invalid in independent study

A study published in Scientific Reports evaluated the Cigna StressWaves Test (CSWT), an AI tool that claims to assess psychological stress from speech. The study found that the CSWT had poor test-retest reliability and poor validity compared to the Perceived Stress Scale. The authors warned that widespread availability of the tool could lead to misleading results and negative consequences for users making healthcare decisions. Cigna has not publicly responded to the findings.

Company involved
Cigna
AI system involved
Cigna StressWaves Test

4 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-LN1XAB1 Jan 2021

California EDD's automated fraud detection wrongly suspended 600,000 legitimate unemployment claims

In January 2021, the California Employment Development Department used Thompson Reuters automated batch review software to flag 1.1 million unemployment claims as potentially fraudulent. EDD stopped payments on those claims without prior notice. Later, over 600,000 were confirmed as legitimate after claimants used ID.me to verify their identity. The incident highlights the trade-off between fraud prevention and timely benefit access.

Company involved
California Employment Development Department (EDD)
AI system involved
Thompson Reuters Automated Batch Review

7 source articles · read the reporting →

BC Tribunal Confirms Companies Remain Liable for AI Chatbot-Created Information - Lexology

The AI chatbot provided inaccurate information to a user.

1 source article · read the reporting →

EvenUp AI errors in personal injury demand letters lead to scrutiny

EvenUp, a legal tech startup valued at $1 billion, uses AI to draft personal injury demand letters. Former employees revealed that the AI system frequently makes errors, including missing injuries and fabricating medical conditions. The company defends its hybrid approach with human oversight, but critics allege overpromised AI capabilities.

Company involved
EvenUp

6 source articles · read the reporting →

CJEU rules Dun & Bradstreet must explain automated credit decisions under GDPR

A customer was refused a mobile phone contract because of an automated credit assessment by Dun & Bradstreet Austria. The customer took the case to court, which found that Dun & Bradstreet had infringed the GDPR by failing to provide meaningful information about the logic involved. The CJEU ruled that data controllers must explain automated decisions and that trade secrets cannot automatically override the right of access.

Company involved
Dun & Bradstreet Austria GmbH

7 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-O8OTB421 May 2024

Eventbrite algorithm recommended illegal opioid sales to addiction recovery seekers

Eventbrite's recommendation algorithm promoted thousands of listings selling illegal prescription drugs like oxycodone and Xanax alongside addiction recovery events. The listings, which appeared in search results and related events, directed users to unlicensed online pharmacies. Eventbrite acknowledged the issue and removed the listings after WIRED alerted them.

Company involved
Eventbrite
AI system involved
Eventbrite recommendation algorithm

4 source articles · read the reporting →

Delta uses AI from Fetcherr for domestic ticket pricing

Delta Air Lines is using generative AI from Fetcherr to determine some domestic flight prices, currently covering 3% of its network with plans to reach 20% by end of 2025. Democratic senators expressed concern that the AI could be used for individualized pricing based on personal data, leading to higher fares. Delta denies using personal data in pricing and states it complies with regulations. No actual harm has been reported.

Company involved
Delta Air Lines
AI system involved
Fetcherr

8 source articles · read the reporting →

Kroger's digital price tags investigated for surge pricing concerns

U.S. Senators Elizabeth Warren and Bob Casey sent a letter to Kroger CEO Rodney McMullen raising concerns about the company's use of Electronic Shelving Labels (ESLs) for dynamic pricing. The system, called EDGE shelf and developed with Microsoft, can change prices based on time of day or weather, potentially leading to price gouging. The senators warned that this could harm consumers by increasing grocery costs and requested information from Kroger about its use of the technology.

Company involved
Kroger
AI system involved
EDGE shelf (Electronic Shelving Labels)

10 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-JRPF9K30 Jul 2024

Microsoft Dynamics 365 Field Service AI singles out workers in performance predictions

A report by Cracked Labs found that Microsoft's Dynamics 365 Field Service software uses AI to generate performance metrics and predict task durations, singling out individual workers. The AI predictions can be influenced by the worker's identity, such as increasing or decreasing estimated duration. Microsoft stated the system is not intended for employment decisions and is not a surveillance tool, but the report raises concerns about potential misuse for worker monitoring.

Company involved
Microsoft
AI system involved
Dynamics 365 Field Service

6 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-I4OTS330 Aug 2024

Edinburgh Airport AI trial gives passengers different parking prices

Edinburgh Airport admitted it was trialling an AI system that randomly set higher or lower parking prices for online bookers, with customers receiving different quotes for the same service. The Scottish Passenger Agents Association called for the trial to be conducted in controlled 'lab' conditions rather than on the public. The airport said the AI's pricing closely matched staff-set prices and the findings would evaluate whether to adopt the system.

Company involved
Edinburgh Airport
AI system involved
AI trial for parking pricing

3 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-Q8FS1926 Oct 2025

Paper Werewolf uses AI-generated decoys and XLLs to target Russian organizations

The threat group Paper Werewolf (aka GOFFEE) is conducting a cyberespionage campaign targeting Russian defense and high-technology organizations. The campaign uses AI-generated decoy documents, such as invitations and official letters, to trick recipients into opening malicious Excel XLL add-ins that deliver a backdoor called EchoGather. The backdoor collects system information and communicates with a command-and-control server. The campaign is ongoing and was first detected in late October 2025.

Company involved
Paper Werewolf
AI system involved
EchoGather

2 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-Y1WBTU22 Mar 2022

Citizens Advice finds ethnicity penalty in car insurance pricing

Citizens Advice conducted exploratory research into car insurance pricing and found that people of colour may be paying £250 more per year than White people. The research suggests that areas with large communities of colour may be identified as more risky by algorithms, even when objective risk factors are controlled. Citizens Advice has called on the Financial Conduct Authority to investigate the issue.

9 source articles · read the reporting →

WF-2ZQ1HW24 Jul 2020

PredictiveHire builds AI to predict job hopping from interviews

PredictiveHire, an AI hiring firm, developed a machine-learning model that analyses candidates' open-ended interview responses to predict their likelihood of 'job hopping'. The company used data from 45,899 applicants to build the 'flight risk' assessment, which it advertises as coming soon. Scholars warn that such tools can suppress wages by screening out workers who might seek better pay or conditions, continuing a historical trend of using personality tests to identify potential labour organisers.

Company involved
PredictiveHire
AI system involved
Phai

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-2CXT6S1 Jan 2018

SEC charges YouPlus and CEO with defrauding investors

The SEC charged machine-learning startup YouPlus and its CEO Shaukat Shamim with defrauding investors. Shamim allegedly made false statements about the company's revenue and customer numbers, including providing falsified bank statements. The scheme unravelled when Shamim confessed to investors that the company had earned less than $500,000 and had only four paying customers since 2013. The SEC is seeking permanent injunctions, civil penalties, and an officer-and-director bar.

Company involved
YouPlus
AI system involved
YouPlus machine-learning tool

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-DFMQ9J1 Mar 2024

Insurer drops California homeowner after aerial photo analysis

Cindy Picos was dropped by her home insurer after the company used aerial photos to assess her roof. The insurer refused to let her see the photos, and she believes her roof is in fine shape. The incident highlights the growing use of drones and aerial imagery by insurers to inspect properties without in-person visits.

2 source articles · read the reporting →

iTutorGroup to Pay $365,000 to Settle EEOC Discriminatory Hiring Suit

The system automatically rejected tutor applicants aged 55+ (women) or 60+ (men).

Company involved
iTutorGroup

1 source article · read the reporting →

WF-6LKJQA1 Jan 2022

Instacart used AI to charge different customers different prices for same items

Instacart, a grocery delivery company, was found to have used AI pricing algorithms to charge some customers up to 23% more than others for identical products at the same location. Research by Groundwork Collaborative, Consumer Reports, and More Perfect Union, based on data from 437 shoppers, revealed price fluctuations averaging 7%. Instacart acquired the AI firm Eversight in 2022 and began experimenting with dynamic pricing. The company stated that the tests have ended.

Company involved
Instacart

6 source articles · read the reporting →

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